Components of Food ( By: Dharmendra Sir )

( A ) VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS:

Q. 1-which components of food is called the body building food?

Ans-Protein

Q. 2-Which type of carbohydrate is white, tasteless and insoluble in water?

Ans-Starch, Cellulose

Q. 3-From which source we get unsaturated fats/oils?

Ans-Plants

Q. 4-Name the protein present in blood that carries oxygen from lungs to the cells.

Ans-Haemoglobin

Q. 5-Which disease cause swelling and redness of gums and tongue?

Ans-Pellagra

(B) SHORT-ANSWER QUESTIONS: 

Q. 1-Name two sources of complex carbohydrates.    Identify the constituent molecules present in them?

Ans-Wheat and barley. The constituent molecules present in them are starch and cellulose.

Q. 2- Name the disease caused by the deficiency of iron. what are its symptoms?

Ans-The disease caused by the deficiency of iron is anaemia.   Its symptoms are fatigue and pale look.

Q. 3-What is meant by balanced diet? What should be the composition of a typical balanced diet?

Ans-The diet which contains all the essential nutrient in the right proportion including water and roughage is called balanced diet.

Q. 4-Why are fats called energy- store in our body?

Ans-Our body stores the excess energy in the form of fat. This stored fat used by the body for producing energy as and when required. That's why fat is considered as energy- store in our body.

Q. 5-Name any two diseases caused by protein- energy malnutrition in children. What are their symptoms?

Ans- The two diseases caused by protein- energy malnutrition in children are Kwashiorkor and Marasmus. Their symptoms are-

Irritable with pathetic facial looks, skin cracks and becomes scaly, swollen abdomen and weak legs, hair turns reddish, lower body weight and retarded growth.

(C) LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS:  

Q. 1-Describe the role of proteins in our body.

Ans-protein helps in digestion, body growth, tissue repair and catalysing certain biochemical processes.

Q. 2-Why is glucose called a source of instant energy?

Ans- Glucose directly enters the blood stream and produces energy through respiration immediately. Therefore, it is called a source of instant energy.

Q. -3-Why is intake of more fats than carbohydrates in diet not advisable?

Ans-Intake of more fat than carbohydrates in diet is not advisable because excess fat gets deposited in our body and makes us obese. Obesity leads to cardiovascular disorders such as hypertension (high blood pressure), arteriosclerosis (blockage of artery), coronary attack and diabetes.

Q. 4-Why is the presence of roughage in food essential?

Ans-The presence of roughage in food is essential because roughage helps in retaining water in the body. It adds bulk to the food and gives a sense of feeling after the meal. It prevents constipation and helps in the regular movement of the bowels.

Q. 5-Name the symptoms, causes and remedies of night blindness.

Ans-Symptoms are unable to see in dim light or at night.it is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin A and it’s remedy is to take vitamin A rich food.

(D) PICK THE ODD ONE OUT GIVING REASON:

Q. 1-Glucose, Potatoes, Roughage, Butter

Ans-Roughage because it is not energy giving food and rest others are the energy giving food.

Q. 2-Vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin B, vitamin B9  

Ans-Vitamin A because it is fat soluble vitamin and rest others are water soluble vitamin.

Q. 3-Iron, Iodine, corn cob, calcium

Ans-Corn cob because it is a source of fibres or roughage and rest others are the minerals.

Q. 4-Glucose, Wheat flour, Sucrose, Jaggery

Ans-Wheat flour because it is a complex carbohydrate and rest others are simple sugars.

Q. 5-Night blindness, Anaemia, Goitre, Beri- Beri

Ans-Goitre because it is caused due to the deficiency of mineral and rest others are caused due to the deficiency of vitamin.

(E) DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS:

1-Nutrients - Nutrients are main components of food which give energy and help growth. The main nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.

2-Malnutrition - The unhealthy state of the body due to the lack of one or more nutrients in the diet is called malnutrition.

3-Obesity - The overweight and bulkiness of a person’s body due to the excessive accumulation of fat in it is called obesity.

4-Scurvy - Scurvy is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin C in One’s diet. Its symptoms are swelling and bleeding of gums poor resistance to cold.

5- Rickets - Rickets is caused due to the deficiency of vitamin D in diet. Its symptoms are twisted, soft and bent bones.

HOTS- HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS: 

Q. 1-From the following who needs more carbohydrate and fat rich diet and why?

(a) a labourer (b)an office clerk (c) a player

Ans-A labourer needs more carbohydrate and fat rich food   because he has to do physical work the whole day from morning to evening.

Q. 2-which of the following give more nutrient?

1. Chapatties of wheat flour or maida
2. Dalia or noodles
3. Fruit juices or aerated soft drinks

Ans-

1. Chapatties of wheat flour give more nutrients because these contain carbohydrates and fibres but maida contains only carbohydrates.
2. Daliya gives more nutrients because it contains carbohydrates and fibres but noodles don’t have fibres. It contains carbohydrates only.
3. Fruit juices contain vitamins and minerals but soft drinks don't have vitamin values.

Q. 3-Mother’s milk is recommended for infants up to the age of 8 to 10 months. Why is it so?

Ans-Mother’s milk contains double the amount of vitamin C than the cow’s milk. So, all infants should be fed on their mother’s milk up to the age of 8 to 10 months.